E100–E199 (Colours)
Code Name Purpose Status
E152 Carbon black (hydrocarbon) Black
E121 Citrus Red 2 Dark red Approved in the United States only for use in colouring the skin of oranges
E111 Orange GGN Orange
E102 Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow 5) Lemon yellow Approved in the EU | Approved in the US
E125 Ponceau SX, Scarlet GN Red Only permitted for externally applied drugs and cosmetics in the US
E200–E299 (Preservatives)
Code Name Purpose Status
E297 Fumaric acid acidity regulator Approved in the EU
E217 Sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate preservative
E201 Sodium sorbate preservative
E210 Benzoic acid preservative Approved in the EU
E284 Boric acid preservative Approved in the EU
E300–E399 (Antioxidants, Acidity Regulators)
Code Name Purpose Status
E331 Sodium citrates (i) Monosodium citrate (ii) Disodium citrate (iii) Sodium citrate (trisodium citrate) acidity regulator Approved in the EU
E333 Calcium citrates (i) Monocalcium citrate (ii) Dicalcium citrate (iii) Calcium citrate (tricalcium citrate) acidity regulator, firming agent, sequestrant Approved in the EU
E338 Orthophosphoric acid acid Approved in the EU
E312 Dodecyl gallate antioxidant Approved in the EU
E330 Citric acid acid, acidity regulator Approved in the EU
E400–E499 (Thickeners, Stabilizers, Emulsifiers)
Code Name Purpose Status
E472d Tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids emulsifier Approved in the EU
E446 Succistearin
E440 Pectins (i) pectin (ii) amidated pectin emulsifier Approved in the EU
E403 Ammonium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) emulsifier Approved in the EU
E473 Sucrose esters of fatty acids emulsifier Approved in the EU
E500–E599 (Acidity Regulators, Anti-Caking Agents)
Code Name Purpose Status
E508 Potassium chloride (gelling agent) seasoning Approved in the EU
E530 Magnesium oxide (acidity regulator) anti-caking agent Approved in the EU
E545 Ammonium polyphosphate emulsifier
E560 Potassium silicate anti-caking agent
E565 Lignosulphonates
E600–E699 (Flavour Enhancers)
Code Name Purpose Status
E640 Glycine and its sodium salt flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E627 Disodium guanylate, sodium guanylate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E628 Dipotassium guanylate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E626 Guanylic acid flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E621 Monosodium glutamate (MSG) flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E700–E799 (Antibiotics)
Code Name Purpose Status
E702 Chlortetracycline antibiotic
E704 Oleandomycin antibiotic
E703 Oxytetracycline antibiotic
E714 Monensin A antibiotic
E713 Tylosin antibiotic
E900–E999 (Glazing Agents and Sweeteners)
Code Name Purpose Status
E940 Dichlorodifluoromethane packaging gas Rarely used
E968 Erythritol humectant Approved in the EU
E929 Acetone peroxide
E944 Propane propellant Approved in the EU
E918 Nitrogen oxides
E1000–E1599 (Additional Chemicals)
Code Name Purpose Status
E1200 Polydextrose stabiliser, thickening agent, humectant, carrier Approved in the EU
E1405 Enzyme treated starch
E1504 Ethyl acetate flavour solvent
E1404 Oxidized starch (emulsifier) thickening agent Approved in the EU
E1516 Glyceryl monoacetate flavour solvent
E100–E199 (Colours)
Code Name Purpose Status
E172 Iron oxides and iron hydroxides Brown Approved in the EU | Approved in the US for sausage casings
E153 Vegetable carbon Black Approved in the EU
E103 Alkannin[11] Red-brown
E182 Orcein, Orchil Purple
E160b Annatto, bixin, norbixin Orange Approved in the EU | Approved in the US
E200–E299 (Preservatives)
Code Name Purpose Status
E233 Thiabendazole preservative
E284 Boric acid preservative Approved in the EU
E261 Potassium acetate (preservative) acidity regulator Approved in the EU
E211 Sodium benzoate preservative Approved in the EU
E231 Orthophenyl phenol preservative Approved in the EU
E300–E399 (Antioxidants, Acidity Regulators)
Code Name Purpose Status
E343 Magnesium phosphates (i) monomagnesium phosphate (ii) Dimagnesium phosphate anti-caking agent Approved in the EU This additive is under discussion and may be included in a future amendment to the Directive on miscellaneous additives.
E399 Calcium lactobionate
E325 Sodium lactate acidity regulator Approved in the EU
E314 Guaiac resin antioxidant
E357 Potassium adipate acidity regulator Approved in the EU
E400–E499 (Thickeners, Stabilizers, Emulsifiers)
Code Name Purpose Status
E479b Thermally oxidized soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids emulsifier Approved in the EU
E472b Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids emulsifier Approved in the EU
E407 Carrageenan (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) emulsifier Approved in the EU
E481 Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate emulsifier Approved in the EU
E432 Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20) emulsifier Approved in the EU
E500–E599 (Acidity Regulators, Anti-Caking Agents)
Code Name Purpose Status
E505 Ferrous carbonate acidity regulator
E507 Hydrochloric acid acid Approved in the EU
E543 Calcium sodium polyphosphate emulsifier
E521 Aluminium sodium sulphate firming agent Approved in the EU
E580 Magnesium gluconate
E600–E699 (Flavour Enhancers)
Code Name Purpose Status
E650 Zinc acetate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E628 Dipotassium guanylate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E631 Disodium inosinate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E629 Calcium guanylate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E640 Glycine and its sodium salt flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E700–E799 (Antibiotics)
Code Name Purpose Status
E704 Oleandomycin antibiotic
E705 Penicillin G potassium antibiotic
E708 Penicillin G benzathine antibiotic
E707 Penicillin G procaine antibiotic
E702 Chlortetracycline antibiotic
E900–E999 (Glazing Agents and Sweeteners)
Code Name Purpose Status
E944 Propane propellant Approved in the EU
E910 Wax esters glazing agent
E929 Acetone peroxide
E921 L-cystine improving agent
E941 Nitrogen (packaging gas) propellant Approved in the EU
E1000–E1599 (Additional Chemicals)
Code Name Purpose Status
E1411 Distarch glycerol (thickening agent) emulsifier
E1402 Alkaline modified starch (stabiliser) thickening agent
E1000 Cholic acid emulsifier
E1201 Polyvinylpyrrolidone stabiliser Approved in the EU
E1422 Acetylated distarch adipate (stabiliser) thickening agent Approved in the EU

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E100–E199 (Colours)
Code Name Purpose Status
E110 Sunset Yellow FCF (Orange Yellow S, FD&C Yellow 6) Yellow-orange Approved in the EU | Banned in Norway[citation needed] Products in the EU require warnings and its use is being phased-out Approved in the US
E121 Citrus Red 2 Dark red Approved in the United States only for use in colouring the skin of oranges
E124 Ponceau 4R (Cochineal Red A, Brilliant Scarlet 4R) Red Approved in the EU
E143 Fast Green FCF (FD&C Green 3) Sea green Approved in the US. Banned in the EU.
E163 Anthocyanins pH dependent (Red, green and purple ranges) Approved in the EU
E200–E299 (Preservatives)
Code Name Purpose Status
E249 Potassium nitrite preservative Approved in the EU
E221 Sodium sulphite preservative Approved in the EU
E266 Sodium dehydroacetate preservative
E201 Sodium sorbate preservative
E235 Natamycin, Pimaracin preservative Approved in the EU
E300–E399 (Antioxidants, Acidity Regulators)
Code Name Purpose Status
E311 Octyl gallate antioxidant Approved in the EU
E366 Potassium fumarate acidity regulator
E357 Potassium adipate acidity regulator Approved in the EU
E303 Potassium ascorbate antioxidant
E384 Isopropyl citrate acidity regulator
E400–E499 (Thickeners, Stabilizers, Emulsifiers)
Code Name Purpose Status
E463 Hydroxypropyl cellulose emulsifier Approved in the EU
E402 Potassium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) emulsifier Approved in the EU
E495 Sorbitan monopalmitate emulsifier Approved in the EU
E419 Gum ghatti (thickener) (stabiliser) emulsifier
E418 Gellan gum (thickener) (stabiliser) emulsifier Approved in the EU
E500–E599 (Acidity Regulators, Anti-Caking Agents)
Code Name Purpose Status
E570 Stearic acid (Fatty acid) anti-caking agent Approved in the EU
E558 Bentonite anti-caking agent Approved in the EU
E512 Stannous chloride antioxidant Approved in the EU
E535 Sodium ferrocyanide (acidity regulator) anti-caking agent Approved in the EU
E539 Sodium thiosulphate antioxidant
E600–E699 (Flavour Enhancers)
Code Name Purpose Status
E621 Monosodium glutamate (MSG) flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E650 Zinc acetate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E629 Calcium guanylate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E628 Dipotassium guanylate flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E630 Inosinic acid flavour enhancer Approved in the EU
E700–E799 (Antibiotics)
Code Name Purpose Status
E717 Avilamycin antibiotic
E713 Tylosin antibiotic
E701 Tetracyclines antibiotic
E703 Oxytetracycline antibiotic
E714 Monensin A antibiotic
E900–E999 (Glazing Agents and Sweeteners)
Code Name Purpose Status
E939 Helium packaging gas Approved in the EU
E958 Glycyrrhizin (sweetener) flavour enhancer
E905c Petroleum wax (i)Microcrystalline wax (ii) Paraffin wax glazing agent
E938 Argon packaging gas Approved in the EU
E911 Methyl esters of fatty acids glazing agent
E1000–E1599 (Additional Chemicals)
Code Name Purpose Status
E1505 Triethyl citrate foam stabiliser Approved in the EU
E1518 Glyceryl triacetate or triacetin humectant Approved in the EU
E1413 Phosphated distarch phosphate (stabiliser) thickening agent Approved in the EU
E1510 Ethanol
E1440 Hydroxy propyl starch (emulsifier) thickening agent Approved in the EU